According to 26 USC § 865(g)(1) “The term ‘nonresident’ means any person other than a United States resident.” A nonresident is any individual who does not primarily reside in one state or one country, but has an interest in it. The status of nonresident is important in many legal fields; including tax, labor, and immigration. Someone who resides in Pennsylvania but works in New York City is a nonresident of New York City and should file two state tax returns.
Nullum crimen sine lege is Latin for "no crime without law." The phrase reflects the principle in criminal law and international criminal law that a person cannot or should not face criminal punishment except for an act that was criminalized by law before they performed the act.
A type O visa is a non-immigrant visa for foreign workers who wish to remain in the United States to work temporarily. It is given to those who have extraordinary ability in the sciences, arts, education, business, or athletics, or extraordinary achievements in the motion picture and television field.
Opinio juris is a shortened form of the Latin phrase “opinio juris sive necessitatis,” which means "an opinion of law or necessity."
Most countries do not allow for extradition for political crimes, which is known as a political-offense exception. The political-offense exception is a clause that limits a sovereign state's responsibilities under an extradition treaty or legislation.
Prize law refers to the laws and regulations governing capture at sea during an armed conflict. In maritime law, the prize means a vessel, cargo, or other property captured in an armed conflict.
In general, public policy refers to the concepts that underlie social rules, which are frequently unwritten and implemented through programs as a course of action established and/or legislated, generally by a government or non-profit organization, in response to social challenges.
In international law, recognition is the process of formally acknowledging the legal existence of a state or government. See International Law in the
Under the Refugee Act, a refugee is defined as a non-citizen who is unable or unwilling to return to their home country due to a well-founded fear of persecution based on their religion, race, nationality, membership in a particular social group, or political opinion.
Retaliatory measures, or reprisal, is a term used in international law to describe the use of diplomatic measures or force adopted by a State in response to a similar use of force exercised by another State.
